Many national monuments remain, while others have been enlarged into national parks or otherwise reclassified by Congress. For example, In 2018, the President used the authority of the Antiquties Act to create Camp Nelson National Monument. Later Presidents have used the Antiquities Act to declare national monuments. Half of the total land area was initially administered by the Agriculture Department and was later transferred to Interior Department jurisdiction, since the National Park Service would not be created until 1916. By the end of his term he had reserved six predominantly cultural areas and twelve predominantly natural areas in this manner. Additionally, he interpreted the authority expansively, protecting a large portion of the Grand Canyon (Arizona) as a national monument in 1908. On December 8, he proclaimed El Morro (New Mexico), Montezuma Castle (Arizona), and Petrified Forest (Arizona). By the end of 1906 he had proclaimed four national monuments: On September 24 he proclaimed Devils Tower (Wyoming). Roosevelt did not hesitate to take advantage of this new executive authority. The Antiquities Act enabled President Roosevelt and succeeding Presidents to proclaim historic landmarks, historic or prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest in federal ownership as national monuments. However another Roosevelt enactment had a broader effect: the Antiquities Act of June 8, 1906. As President from 1901 to 1909, he signed legislation establishing five new national parks: Crater Lake, Oregon Wind Cave, South Dakota Sullys Hill, North Dakota (later re-designated a game preserve) Mesa Verde, Colorado and Platt, Oklahoma (now part of Chickasaw National Recreation Area). He doubled the number of sites within the National Park system. Theodore Roosevelt, often called "the conservation president," impacted the National Park System well beyond his term in office.
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